Pundit
A simple Crystal shard for managing authorization in Lucky applications. Intended to mimic the excellent Ruby Pundit gem.
Lucky Installation
- Add the dependency to your
shard.yml
:
`yaml
# shard.yml
dependencies:
pundit:
github: stephendolan/pundit
`
- Run
shards install
- Require the shard in your Lucky application
`crystal
# shards.cr
require "pundit"
`
- Require the tasks in your Lucky application
`crystal
# tasks.cr
require "pundit/tasks/**"
`
- Require a new directory for policy definitions
`crystal
# app.cr
require "./policies/**"
`
- Include the
Pundit::ActionHelpers
module inBrowserAction
:
`crystal
# src/actions/browser_action.cr
include Pundit::ActionHelpers(User)
`
- Run the initializer to create your
ApplicationPolicy
if you don't want the default:
`sh
lucky pundit.init
`
Usage
Creating policies
The easiest way to create new policies is to use the built-in Lucky task! After following the steps in the Installation section, simply run lucky gen.policy Book
, for example, to create a new BookPolicy
in your application.
Your policies must inherit from the provided ApplicationPolicy(T)
abstract class, where T
is the model you are authorizing against.
For example, the BookPolicy
we created with lucky gen.policy Book
looks like this:
class BookPolicy < ApplicationPolicy(Book)
def index?
false
end
def show?
false
end
def create?
false
end
def update?
false
end
def delete?
false
end
end
The following methods are provided in ApplicationPolicy
:
| Method Name | Default Value |
| ----------- | ------------- |
| index?
| false
|
| show?
| false
|
| create?
| false
|
| new?
| create?
|
| update?
| false
|
| edit?
| update?
|
| delete?
| false
|
Authorizing actions
Let's say we have a Books::Index
action that looks like this:
class Books::Index < BrowserAction
get "/books/index" do
html IndexPage, books: BookQuery.new
end
end
To use Pundit for authorization, simply add an authorize
call:
class Books::Index < BrowserAction
get "/books/index" do
authorize
html IndexPage, books: BookQuery.new
end
end
Behind the scenes, this is using the action's class name to check whether the BookPolicy
's index?
method is permitted for current_user
. If the call fails, a Pundit::NotAuthorizedError
is raised.
The authorize
call above is identical to writing this:
BookPolicy.new(current_user).index? || raise Pundit::NotAuthorizedError.new
You can also leverage specific records in your authorization. For example, say we have a Books::Update
action that looks like this:
post "/books/:book_id/update" do
book = BookQuery.find(book_id)
SaveBook.update(book, params) do |operation, book|
redirect Home::Index
end
end
We can add an authorize
call to check whether or not the user is permitted to update this specific book like this:
post "/books/:book_id/update" do
book = BookQuery.find(book_id)
authorize(book)
SaveBook.update(book, params) do |operation, book|
redirect Home::Index
end
end
Authorizing views
Say we have a button to create a new book:
def render
button "Create new book"
end
To ensure that the current_user
is permitted to create a new book before showing the button, we can wrap the button in a policy check:
def render
if BookPolicy.new(current_user).create?
button "Create new book"
end
end
Overriding the User model
If your application doesn't return an instance of User
from your current_user
method, you'll need to make the following updates (we're using Account
as an example):
- Run
lucky pundit.init --user-model {Account}
, or modify yourApplicationPolicy
'sinitialize
content like this:
`crystal
abstract class ApplicationPolicy(T)
getter account
getter record
def initialize(@account : Account?, @record : T? = nil)
end
end
`
- Update the
include
of thePundit::ActionHelpers
module inBrowserAction
:
`crystal
# src/actions/browser_action.cr
include Pundit::ActionHelpers(Account)
`
Handling authorization errors
If a call to authorize
fails, a Pundit::NotAuthorizedError
will be raised.
You can handle this elegantly by adding an overloaded render
method to your src/actions/errors/show.cr
action:
# This class handles error responses and reporting.
#
# https://luckyframework.org/guides/http-and-routing/error-handling
class Errors::Show < Lucky::ErrorAction
DEFAULT_MESSAGE = "Something went wrong."
default_format :html
# Capture Pundit authorization exceptions to handle it elegantly
def render(error : Pundit::NotAuthorizedError)
if html?
# We might want to throw an appropriate status and message
error_html "Sorry, you're not authorized to access that", status: 401
# Or maybe we just redirect users back to the previous page
# redirect_back fallback: Home::Index
else
error_json "Not authorized", status: 401
end
end
end
Contributing
- Fork it (<https://github.com/stephendolan/pundit/fork>)
- Create your feature branch (
git checkout -b my-new-feature
) - Commit your changes (
git commit -am 'Add some feature'
) - Push to the branch (
git push origin my-new-feature
) - Create a new Pull Request
Contributors
- Stephen Dolan - creator and maintainer
Inspiration
- The Pundit Ruby gem was what formed my need as a programmer for this kind of simple approach to authorization
- The Praetorian Crystal shard took an excellent first step towards proving out the Pundit model in Crystal